Canyon Diablo – The most famous American meteorite

Origin

The meteorite is named after Canyon Diablo Crater in Arizona, also known as Barringer Crater.

Daniel Moreau Barringer was a mining geologist, lawyer and crater explorer. In the early 20th century, he found that mining meteorite iron from the crater could be a profitable business, so he sold the silver mine he owned and founded the Standard Iron Company with a friend to mine the meteorite. Although many iron lumps have been excavated, the primary, large body of the meteorite has not been found. The company went bankrupt.

The second generation of Barringers went bankrupt too.

Subsequent generations of Barringers (currently still the owners of the area with the crater) changed their approach to the issue – they abandoned the mining of iron, but they sell tickets to numerous tourists visiting the crater, and they also sell fragments of the meteorite, which are still found there in large numbers.

American meteorite band
source: own archive

Canyon Diablo Meteorite –
the largest discovered fragment
source: https://meteorcrater.com/

Data

  • It’s iron meteorite 1AB-MG.
  • Year found: 1891
  • Country: United States
  • Mass: 30 t.
It is estimated that the meteorite fell to Earth about 50 thousand years ago.

Meteor Crater

Aka Barringer Crater – an impact crater in the Canyon Diablo area of Coconino County, Arizona in the United States, with a diameter of 1,200 meters and a depth of 170 meters. It is estimated that it was formed about 50,000 years ago as a result of an impact an iron meteorite weighing 300,000 tons traveling at 12 km/s. The impact energy corresponds to the explosion of 2.5 million tons of TNT. Most of the meteorite melted, splashing around the area (meteorites are still found many kilometers from the crater to this day). The heat energy dissipated in the form of an explosion ejected millions of tons of rock, creating a crater, and covering almost 1 mile of the ground with crushed, partially molten rock mixed with fragments of the meteorite. 

Canyon Diablo Meteor Crater –
Inspiration for the meteorite wedding rings
source: https://meteorcrater.com/

Considered the best-preserved crater in the world due to the desert climate of the impact site. Water erosion destroys it very slowly, poor vegetation is not a threat, and wind erosion is almost imperceptible.

The first person to prove that the crater was formed by a meteorite impact was Daniel Barringer, an American geologist and industrialist (hence the name Barringer Crater). His family currently owns the land on which the crater lies, and therefore the site is not a US National Landmark, as it must be federal property.

In the 1960s, American astronauts from NASA conducted training at the bottom of the crater for a mission to the moon as part of the Apollo Program.